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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Chiwere language ： ウィキペディア英語版 Chiwere language Chiwere (also called Iowa-Otoe-Missouria or Báxoje-Jíwere-Ñút’achi) is a Siouan language originally spoken by the Missouria, Otoe, and Iowa peoples, who originated in the Great Lakes region but later moved throughout the Midwest and plains. The language is closely related to Ho-Chunk, also known as Winnebago. Christian missionaries first documented Chiwere in the 1830s, but since then virtually nothing has been published about the language. Chiwere suffered a steady decline after extended European-American contact in the 1850s, and by 1940 the language had almost totally ceased to be spoken. ==Names== The Iowa tribe refers to their language as Báxoje ich’é or Bah Kho Je (pronounced ). The Otoe-Missouria dialect is called Jíwere ich’é (pronounced ). The spelling ''Chiwere'', used mostly by linguists, derives from the fact that the language has an aspiration distinction rather than a voice distinction (see the phonology section below), so that the unaspirated stops are variably voiced or unvoiced . Although is a valid pronunciation of the first sound of ''Jiwere ~ Chiwere'', it may mislead English speakers into pronouncing it . Similarly, a common folk etymology of ''Báxoje'' is "dusty noses," based on the misunderstanding of the first syllable ''bá'' as ''pá'', or "nose."〔GoodTracks, Jimm (1992) ''Baxoje-Jiwere-Nyut'aji - Ma'unke: Iowa-Otoe-Missouria Language to English.'' Boulder, CO: Center for the Study of the Languages of the Plains and Southwest. ''(also)'' GoodTracks, Jimm (16 August 2008), personal communication. (Ioway Otoe-Missouria Language Website )〕 However, the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma says ''Bah-Kho-Je'' means "grey snow," due to their winter lodges being covered with snow stained grey by fire smoke.〔(History of the Ioway. ) ''Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma.'' (retrieved 22 Feb 2009)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chiwere language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.